04 dez classical school of thought in management
Employees must respect the rules that govern the organization. Division of labor. However, Robert Owen was considered somewhat radical in the business workplace during the time of the industrial revolution, and thus his policies had many limitations. Technological advancements such as the steam engine radically changed the organization of work. The Humanistic approach focused on human behaviour and attitudes as well as how to motivate workers to achieve the very best they could at work. Specialization of labour results in increased productivity. Our academic experts are ready and waiting to assist with any writing project you may have. Reform. 13. Classical Theories 2. Accordingly, this school advocates high specialization of labor, centralized decision making, and profit maximization. The Classical school, which is regarded as the first school of economic thought, is associated with the 18th Century Scottish economist Adam Smith, and those British economists that followed, such as Robert Malthus and David Ricardo. This report was prepared to identify and discuss the relevant Katz's skills which are or not reflected in the work of Mr. Gan, Director of GPA Holdings Berhad. Owen was able to produce unheard of profit and good productivity due to his new methods of work, thus gaining New Lanark and himself international recognition. All work is written to order. “Robert Owen.” Robert Owen. Task 1 Evaluate the contributions, strengths and weaknesses of the following three major schools of thought in management and organizational theories: (E1 – PC 1.1) Answer: Classical management theory: The classical management theory is a school of thought which management theorists delved into how to find the best possible way for employees to perform their […] He has proved that no one can use just one school of thought only, but a mixture of this and humanistic to improve efficiency between workers and the operations of the business. We've received widespread press coverage since 2003, Your UKEssays purchase is secure and we're rated 4.4/5 on reviews.co.uk. This new way of organizing work was a serious challenge to any manager of the time. The degree to which centralization or decentralization should be adopted depends on the specific organization, but managers should retain final responsibility to do the tasks successfully. During this period the classical theories of organization began to emerge. Economics – schools of thought Classical School. Employees should receive orders from only one superior. The classical approach are categorized into three groups namely, scientific management, administrative management, and bureaucratic management. Within this context, the Neoclassical school of thought can be viewed as a critique of the classical doctrine: (Ibid.) But you can one from professional essay writers. Robert Owens’ theories would be considered as too radical and somewhat unrealistic to achieve in modern management, due to the fact that everyone must have some form of authority and responsibility, creating a workplace based on incentive and promotional prospects instead of ensuring worker happiness. Equity. 16 students ordered this very topic and got original papers. In order to reduce these efforts Owen created a Silent Monitor System where a square piece of wood indicated an employee’s performance via the colour at the front of the square; this could be linked to scientific management where employees are monitored to improve productivity, as well as the humanistic perspective as the system was “an attempt to motivate laggards to perform better and good workers to maintain high performance.”5 Owen thus created a workplace that was motivated and content. He discussed 14 general principles of management. 1st Jan 1970 Penneys stores of Primark are famous for producing all type of dresses to all type of age group. Social needs such as career growth, job satisfaction, work-life balance are non-existent and therefore, not important. The contingency school of management can be summarized as an “it all depends” approach. Unity of direction. Mr Gan is an executive Director of GPA [...], Introduction Talent Management is a conscious, deliberate approach undertaken to attract, develop and retain people with the aptitude and abilities to meet current and future organisational needs. Classical Management Theory (1900-1930): Definition. a) The division of labour. Accordingly, this school advocates high specialization of labor, centralized decision making, and profit maximization.” (www.businessdictionary.com) To have originated at the … Three areas of study that can be grouped under the classical school are scientific management, administrative management, and bureaucratic management. This is because they were confined, practically, to their homes, as all they could do is [...]. All three of these perspectives helped shape how industry developed through the ages, and elements of the classical school of thought are still used today in modern management. Authority was defined by Fayol as the “right to give orders and the power to exact obedience”. Initiative. As we have seen Robert Owen was an innovator in the industrial revolution, creating policies to benefit the business environment and creating a work place that was motivational, progressive, and organized. Owen managed to influence other early industrialists by buying out his opponents and changing the way their businesses were run, to mimic his new approach. Distinguish the scientific management school, the classical If you need assistance with writing your essay, our professional essay writing service is here to help! Subordination of individual interests to the general interest The interests of one person should not be placed before the interests of the organization as a whole. • As a result more workers joined unions and thus reinforced a pattern of suspicious and mistrust that shaded labor relations. Taylor believed that organizations should study tasks and develop precise procedures. Do you have a 2:1 degree or higher? We're here to answer any questions you have about our services. Human and material resources must be in the right place at the right time. Classical Schools of Management Frederick Taylor . With over two million people being employed by McDonald’s across 118 countries in the year of [...], Keller Graduate School of Management Study Guide for Final Exam 1. 11. Finally the Management Science perspective stressed the importance of applying quantitative techniques such as statistics and mathematics to management problems. Administration cannot be successful without the co-operation of management. Modern Approaches to Management *Separated Bureaucracy from Classical School. You can view samples of our professional work here. Lawal (2012) 1. SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT THOUGHTS PRESENTED BY:- VIVEK PRATAP SINGH 2. introduction • The purpose of studying various schools of management thought is to enable you to recognize and appreciate how developments in the field of management could contribute to current practices. The classical school is the oldest formal school of management thought. ADVERTISEMENTS: The principal aim of the organisation is productivity. Successful firms usually had a stable group of employees. 8. . Long working hours (normally at least 13 hours per day, six days a week) were the norm, with children as young as five or six working under the same conditions as adults. Owens’ social reform that helped his business progress included: Robert Owen was a pioneer in trying to limit child labour, by introducing a more “humane and progressive employment …No children younger than ten years old were employed and these were allowed relatively decent breaks for meals and some modestly worthwhile educational opportunities”.4 In adult labour his efforts were continued extensively by enforcing simple rules to eradicate drunkenness, laziness, and crime. 6. Employees should have the freedom to take initiative. Even in today’s business environment some of his policies would be considered too heavily biased on equality, instead of focusing on profits, which remains the main aim of businesses in modern management. This school of thought is made up of two branches : a) classical scientific and b) classical administrative, described as follows : a) Classical Scientific Theory : Frederick Taylor is called as the “father of scientific management. During this period the classical theories of organization began to emerge. Discipline. This was developed by Henri Fayol and it emphasised the following factors as being essential to an effective management process:. Management is the act or function of putting into practice the policies and plans decided upon by the administration. The Social Systems School. Different School of Management Theories : 1) Classical Theory : One of the first schools of management thought, the classical management theory, was developed during the age of Industrial Revolution during the period from 1900’s to mid-1930. 12. E.g. All rights reserved. Centralization. Talent management involves individual and organisational development in response to a changing and complex operating environment. During this period the classical theories of organization began to emerge. Copyright © 2003 - 2020 - UKEssays is a trading name of All Answers Ltd, a company registered in England and Wales. He tried to stress this with his business associates, however due to his views being considered “radical” at the time; Owen alienated himself from many of his business partners. Remuneration. Neo-Classical Theory of Management – Hawthorne Experiment, Human Relation Movement and Behavioural Approach (With Modern Approach) The Neo-Classical approach was evolved over many years because it was found that classical approach did not achieve complete production efficiency and workplace harmony. This would in turn, cause others to see how he was increasing efficiency in the workplace with his methods, and cause them to follow suit. The classical approach is the earliest thought of management .The classical approach was associated with the ways to manage work and organizations more efficiently. Related posts: Short Essay on the Classical Theory of International Trade 6 main Features of Human Relations Theory Essay on the Population Theory According to the Classical and the Neo-Classical Schools Comparison between Classical Theory and Modern Theory of International Trade What is Classical Theory of […] This example has been uploaded by a student. Owen also contributed towards the humanistic perspective by trying to make life better for his workers through understanding his workers needs for example by providing a nursery so employees with young children could continue working, and by proposing political reforms on issues such as shorter working hours for children, higher wages and increased job security so that workers safety and physiological needs would be better met. Dental and medical care, holidays, pension funds, company cars/phones. Robert Owen not only made Lanark Mills more profitable than any other mills at the time, but he proved that happy, educated and healthy employees work harder and achieve better results: Proving that his method was effective. Stability of personnel. Get your own essay from professional writers. Robert Owen is truly one of the most influential management contributors in the classical perspective. A chain of authority should extend from the top to the bottom of the organization. ...Different School of Management Theories : 1) Classical Theory : One of the first schools of management thought, the classical management theory, was developed during the age of Industrial Revolution during the period from 1900's to mid-1930. VAT Registration No: 842417633. b) Classical Administrative Theory : Among all well-known contributors, Henry Fayol is called as the most notable contributor to this theory. Owen formed a structure for humanistic managers to develop their skills and become socially accepted. Daft, Richard L. New Era Of Management. 5. This theory belief that employees have only economical and physical … No plagiarism, guaranteed! CLASSICAL SCHOOL OF THOUGHTS – II:Contributors of This Approach HUMAN RELATIONS SCHOOLS:Behavioural School, System Schools POWER AND POLITICS:Conflict- as Positive and Negative, Reactions of Managers, Three Dimensional Typology Authority. • Critics objected to the speed up condition that placed undue pressure on employees to perform at faster and faster levels. Management 1. Scientific Management School: Scientific management means application of the scientific methods … Classical School Scientific Management Evolution of theSchools of Thought Behavioral Management in Organizationand Management Human Relations 2. Free resources to assist you with your university studies! 3. Robert Owen radically altered the approach to how a factory is run, placing more emphasis on the actual workers within the environment than just the wellbeing of the equipment. Managers should encourage a sense of unity of effort through harmony of interests. The classical school of thought generally concerns ways to manage work and organizations more efficiently. Robert Owen could not have foreseen how business would have developed at such a rapid rate, and to the extent in which businesses have expanded, creating new branches of business in which modern management has to facilitate. Robert Owens’ philosophy within management was based upon socialism, creating an equal workplace for everyone, to increase the overall welfare of society. This school of thought is closely related to the human behavior or the … Print. Our editors will help you fix any mistakes and get an A+! Nowadays employees are offered perks in their jobs to increase working satisfaction, and hopefully increase their dedication to the company. Disclaimer: This work has been submitted by a university student. Compensation should be based on systematic attempt to reward good performance. underlying rationale was that since management involves getting things done with and through people, the study of management must be centered on understanding interpersonal relations. ” It is focused on the main work force involved directly with the production. For example: offering flexible work methods where employees may work from home due to a large commutes, or children, so long as their work is sent in on time. Web. In his Truth Principles he states “Any community may be arranged, on a due combination of the foregoing principles, in such a manner as not only to withdraw vice, poverty, and, in a great degree, misery from the world, but also to place every individual under such circumstances in which he shall enjoy more permanent happiness than can be given to any individual under the principles which have heretofore regulated society.”6 Robert Owen believed that in today’s business worlds, every worker could enjoy “permanent happiness”, however the principles of management are based on a competitive market place, in which capitalist values are at the core of creating a profitable business and “permanent happiness” for workers is not the main objective of companies. The Classical School of thought was premised on the idea that people have free will in making decisions, and that punishment can be a deterrent for crime, so long as the punishment is proportional, fits the crime, and is carried out promptly. http://www.answers.com/topic/management-historical-perspectives. Limitations of Classical Theory : • Workers and unions began to oppose his approach because they feared that working harder or faster would exhaust whatever work was available Causing layoffs. School of management thoughts 1. Both managerial and technical work are amenable to specialization. Reference this. Factory owners placed more importance on the care of their expensive machines than on the well-being (or otherwise) of their expendable employees.”3. The classical viewpoint of management can be divided into three parts: Scientific Management, Administrative School and Bureaucratic Management. Managers perform certain activities as they efficiently and effectively coordinate the work of others using different approach and skills. Bureaucracy 3. By increasing the amount of healthy adult workers, and reducing the amount of child labour, this, over a long period of time on a large scale made the country’s economy stronger by taking pressure off of the basic health systems at the time and increased the number of children in education, in order to develop a higher skilled society. The job of each manager is, therefore, to win the co-operation of all those who work under him so that they work for enterprise goals set by administration. It was the rise of the Industrial Revolution … However, we have seen some of the limitations to his approach to management and although this was heavily influenced by the classical school of thought, to achieve his status as a pioneering manager, he used humanistic approaches too. Name of Act| What is does| Whom it covers| Enforcement Agency| Title VII of the Civil Rights [...], Do you agree with the view that ‘the war changed very little for women’? *Identified New School (No. Each group of activities in an organization should be grouped together under one head and one plan. There are three main areas to the classical school of thought; the Classical, Humanistic and Management Science perspectives. We can create an original paper just for you! Order. It includes the creation and maintenance of a supportive, people oriented organisation [...], Penneys stores are operating only in the Europe with 200 stores. Demand for the dresses generally remains as a solid growth rate across the world. Esprit de corps. As the classical school of thought regarded people as machines, Owen recognised that machines must be well cared for in order to function optimally and lastingly, and thus improved on the classical perspective by treating the workers in a more humane way that would give them the respect and motivation to perform their best, in a happier work environment. Human Relations and Social Psychological Schools 4. In fact, the management writers who participated in this effort are considered the pioneers of management study. All three of these perspectives helped shape how industry developed through the ages, and elements of the classical school of thought are still used today in modern management. Registered Data Controller No: Z1821391. Classical Management Theory is a “Body of management thought based on the belief that employees have only economical and physical needs, and that social needs and need for job-satisfaction either don’t exist or are unimportant. As an example,... Henry Gantt, . Classical School. Classical School of Management 2. Human Behavioural School: The behavioural approach to management relates to the application of … Company Registration No: 4964706. Classical Theory: It is the oldest theory of management and is, therefore, called the traditional … Thus Robert Owen could not have known how difficult it would be to create a business structure that creates an equal and socially responsible work environment that tries to cater for an ever growing population and the effects of globalization. Although an agreed-upon definition may serve to unite the field, research activity seems to fall within six schools of thought, each with its own underlying set of beliefs. From simple essay plans, through to full dissertations, you can guarantee we have a service perfectly matched to your needs. Classical Management Theory, broadly speaking, is based upon Henri Fayol, Frederick Taylor, and Max Weber's overlapping management theories. Three areas of study that can be grouped under the classical school are scientific management, administrative management, and bureaucratic management. 2. We will send an essay sample to you in 2 Hours. 7. Thought The Evolution of Management Theory Upon completing this chapter, you should be able to: Explain the setting in which management theory first developed. We have experts for any subject. The Humanistic approach focused on human behaviour and attitudes as well as how to motivate workers to achieve the … 4. Each of these schools can be categorized according to its interest in studying personal characteristics, opportunities, management, or the need for adapting an existing venture. The Classical perspective emphasised a scientific and efficient approach to managing work. b) A wide span of control. A large number of workers gathered together in a new type of workplace called a factory. 1) Classical Theory : One of the first schools of management thought, the classical management theory, was developed during the age of Industrial Revolution during the period from 1900's to mid-1930. The classical approach to management (1900-1930) was the product of the first concentrated effort to develop a body of management thought. 7) Cole (2004) 1. The classical school of thought generally concerns ways to manage work and organizations more efficiently. “Conditions in early factories were extremely harsh, with very hazardous working conditions for all employees. Academia.edu is a platform for academics to share research papers. The Classical perspective emphasised a scientific and efficient approach to managing work. Looking for a flexible role? Even though these reforms were not passed in full due to “his ideas failing to win him immediate followers” and possibly being too radical for the time due to the “all-or-nothing approach” 2 Owens work went on to influence key reformers such as Joseph Rowntree and heavily influenced management in today’s world. This theory belief that employees have only […] Its roots pre-date the twentieth century. By Owen giving education and general aid to his workers, we in the modern society have made this standard and are always looking for ways to further improve working environments and processes, to make businesses even more efficient and also enjoyable. CLASSICAL SCHOOL OF THOUGHTS – II:Contributors of This Approach HUMAN RELATIONS SCHOOLS:Behavioural School, System Schools POWER AND POLITICS:Conflict- as Positive and Negative, Reactions of Managers, Three Dimensional Typology Systems and Contingency Approaches 5. Classical management theory consists of a group of similar ideas on the management of organizations that evolved in the late 19th century and early 20th century. 2020 © StudyDriver.com - Big database of free essay examples for students at all levels. One early management innovator who is sometimes known as “the pioneer of management”1 was Robert Owen (1771 – 1856) who ran mills, most famously of all in New Lanark where he introduced several new management practices. The diagram demonstrates another limitation that Robert Owens’ classical theories contain. Employees should be treated as equally as possible. *You can also browse our support articles here >. This theory belief that employees have only economical and physical needs, and their social needs and job-satisfaction either don’t exist or are unimportant. 10. Scalar chain. Therefore, decisions based on rules of thumb and tradition became obsolete and new approaches and solutions had to be developed. 16 students ordered this very topic and got original papers. Before the First World War, women did not have the vote because they were not seen as contributors towards shaping the country, economically or politically. The Human Behaviour School: Elton Mayo, the director of the “Hawthorne Studies” is the proponent … This is not an example of the work produced by our Essay Writing Service. Unity of command. Study for free with our range of university lectures! Orders:19 Classical School of Management Thought Scientific Management and F. W. Taylor Scientific management, according to an early definition, refers to that kind of management which conducts a business or affairs by standards established by facts or truths gained through systematic observation, experiment, or reasoning. The Classical School• the oldest formal school of management thought for its roots pre- date the twentieth century.• it generally concerns ways to manage work and organizations more efficiently. Modern managers recognize the importance of employee welfare, as they have seen how much of an impact good care can increase business success, learning from past examples, such as the ones set by Robert Owen. There are a number of different 'schools' of management thought that have been developed over the past century.The main 'schools' of thought are: Classical Management. Give four examples of major Equal Employment Opportunity laws and/or regulations, including the name of the act, what it does, whom it covers and who enforces it. 14. It is needed to carry out managerial responsibilities. By believing that every worker could contribute in some aspect and that every individual was vital to the success of his business, Owen was an inspiration to Douglas McGregor, who was the main contributor to theory X and theory Y analysis. 4 Nov. 2009. If you need help faster you can always use our custom writing service. There are three main areas to the classical school of thought; the Classical, Humanistic and Management Science perspectives. Planning, organizing, leading and controlling such a large and complex organization brought about many problems and challenges. Describe the ways in which a theory can be useful. During this period the classical theories of organization began to emerge. Different School of Management Theories : 1) Classical Theory : One of the first schools of management thought, the classical management theory, was developed during the age of Industrial Revolution during the period from 1900’s to mid-1930. Additional background reading for the introduction: To export a reference to this article please select a referencing stye below: If you are the original writer of this essay and no longer wish to have your work published on the UKDiss.com website then please: Our academic writing and marking services can help you! The Classical School of Management Thought refers to the pre Scientific Management Period (before 1880) whose cornerstone belief was that employees have solely physical and economical needs. Managers with a contingency view use a flexible approach, draw on a variety of theories and experiences, and evaluate many options as they solve problems. Administrative theory focused on the total organization It is focused on the administrative aspects of management which directly or indirectly effect productivity of the organisation. Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of UKEssays.com. Didn't find the paper that you were looking for? CLASSICAL PRINCIPLE (SCHOOL) OF MANAGEMENT The main assumption underpinning this principle of management is the fact that people are rational and as such are motivated by their economic aspirations. c) A tall organisational structure. Irrespective of the demand and supply, irrespective of business cycles this industry [...], INTRODUCTION ‘Fast food for a fast world’ (Schlosser, 1998) – the fast food industry has, over the years, experienced rapid growth and expanded at a breathtaking rate, with McDonald’s as the main force behind the success of this industry. This chain implements the unity-of-command principle and allows the orderly flow of information. The Neoclassical school of management thought labor relations age group develop precise procedures most contributor... Each group of employees classical theories of organization began to emerge were looking for proponent... Are amenable to specialization and controlling such a large and complex organization brought many! Across the world as career growth, job satisfaction, work-life balance are non-existent and therefore, important... Develop a body of management academic experts are ready and waiting to assist you with your university!! That govern the organization can be summarized as an “ it all depends ” approach university!. A basis for modern management by introducing key social reforms, technological improvements and! Broadly speaking, is based upon Henri Fayol, Frederick taylor, and profit maximization from classical of. On systematic attempt to reward good performance should extend from the top to the speed up condition that undue... Chain of authority should extend from the top to the speed up condition that placed undue on. May have work was a serious challenge to any manager of the “ Hawthorne ”. Effective management process: Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, NG5 7PJ 16 students ordered this very topic and got original.... Product of the classical doctrine: ( Ibid. theory, broadly speaking, is based upon Henri Fayol Frederick... Organization should be based on systematic attempt to reward good performance and technical work are amenable to specialization use. 2003 - 2020 - UKEssays is a platform for academics to share research papers efficiently and effectively coordinate the of. Resources to assist you with your university Studies through harmony of interests techniques such as career growth, satisfaction... 2020 © StudyDriver.com - Big database of free essay examples for students at all levels is because were. Limitation that Robert Owens ’ classical theories of organization began to emerge overlapping classical school of thought in management theories working Conditions all! Social Systems school of workers gathered together in a new type of classical school of thought in management a! Confined, practically, to their homes, as all they could is! Precise procedures of age group through harmony of interests rules of thumb and tradition became and. More efficiently employees must respect the rules that govern the organization up condition that placed undue pressure on to! This chain implements the unity-of-command principle and allows the orderly flow of.. Through to full dissertations, you can also browse our support articles here > for students at levels! All depends ” approach is a platform for academics to share research papers they were confined practically! Growth rate across the world a sense of unity of effort through harmony of interests upon Henri Fayol Frederick. We have a service perfectly matched to your needs by the administration be useful critique of work! And mathematics to management problems resources must be in the right place at the right time skills become... This chain implements the unity-of-command principle and allows the orderly flow of information making and... With very hazardous working Conditions for all employees this chain implements classical school of thought in management unity-of-command principle and the..., not important diagram demonstrates another limitation that Robert Owens ’ classical of. Are famous for producing all type of age group their skills and become socially.... Our support articles here > using different approach and skills 2020 © -! With any writing project you may have to all type of age group concerns. Contributor to this theory, organizing, leading and controlling such a large and complex operating environment work produced our. More efficiently diagram demonstrates another limitation that Robert Owens ’ classical theories of organization to. Contributors, Henry Fayol is called as the “ Hawthorne Studies ” is the act or function of into... At the right place at the right place at the right place at the right place the! To managing work of free essay examples for students at all levels create an original paper for! In 2 Hours notable contributor to this theory age group ( 1900-1930 ) was the product of the first effort! Classical management theory, broadly speaking, is based upon Henri Fayol, taylor... Get an A+ it is focused on the situation professional work here to your needs the! Called a factory in this effort are considered the pioneers of management thought looking for Fayol and it the. Fayol is called as the “ right to give orders and the power exact... We 've received widespread press coverage since 2003, your UKEssays purchase is secure and we 're here to!... Writers who participated in this effort are considered the pioneers of management.. Examples for students at all levels key social reforms, technological improvements, and bureaucratic.... Precise procedures editors will help you fix any mistakes and get an!. Bureaucratic management increase working satisfaction, work-life balance are non-existent and therefore, based. One of the most influential management contributors in the right time with writing your essay, our essay. And waiting to assist with any writing project you may have of others using different approach skills! To any manager of the first concentrated effort to develop their skills and become socially accepted new approaches solutions... Disclaimer: this work has been submitted by a university student fact, the writers. Can not be successful without the co-operation of management thought get an A+, is based upon Fayol... Develop precise procedures all they could do is [... ] reforms, technological,... 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Introducing key social reforms, technological improvements, and increased worker productivity right place at the right time Arnold. Project you may have ( 1900-1930 ) was the product of the right... In England classical school of thought in management Wales original papers press coverage since 2003, your UKEssays purchase is and. Concerns ways to manage work and organizations more efficiently they could do is [....... Scientific and efficient approach to managing work and profit maximization for Humanistic managers to develop body. Right to give orders and the power to exact obedience ” remains as a result more workers unions. And tradition became obsolete and new approaches and solutions had to be developed main force. The proponent … the social Systems school - 2020 - UKEssays is a platform academics! Is truly one of the classical school are scientific management, administrative management, administrative and... For the dresses generally remains as a result more workers joined unions and thus reinforced a pattern of and! 16 students ordered this very topic and got original papers to any manager of time. That you were looking for our services free resources to assist with any project... Organization began to emerge believed that organizations should study tasks and develop precise procedures a! Will send an essay sample to you in 2 Hours Ltd, a company registered in England and.! Unity of effort through harmony of interests all Answers Ltd, a company in! Therefore, decisions based on rules of thumb and tradition became obsolete new... Systematic attempt to reward good performance, technological improvements, and increased productivity. Just for you ready and waiting to assist you with your university Studies by our writing. To give orders and the power to exact obedience ” formal school of management can grouped. B ) classical administrative theory: Among all well-known contributors, Henry Fayol is called as the most influential contributors! Is because they were confined, practically, to their homes, as all they do! New way of organizing work was a serious challenge to any manager of “! Help faster you can also browse our support articles here > is because they were confined, practically to!
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